Nina Limardo – My Work. My Art. My Life.

The “More of the Same” PD Patch

12.06.2012 (2:07 pm) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

Here is my More of the Same PD patch for the exhibit tomorrow. It’s a bit tongue and cheek.

You can download the code by clicking here.

Just open the MoreOfTheSame.pd file to try it out. The SoulCatcher.pd is simply the code which is mapped onto the parent file.

To view the theoretical ideas that sparked the creation of this patch, please click here.

Mostly, I hope this sparks some dialogue about art, progress, and art’s purpose.

What the patch does when the button is clicked is track the pitch heard on the microphone for two seconds and output the pitches as MIDI. These pitches are then converted into frequencies and stored into a table, then played back to the spectator as a computer generated version of what they just spoke or sang.

If I were going to develop this more, I would ideally convert this into an app, although many apps like this one already exist. However, the idea for this app stems from mimicry, so the more-the merrier, and the more banal the better.

In fact, I think the best life for this piece would be a gallery space and there would be no technology involved whatsoever. It will simply be a canvas displaying this exact picture:

More of the Same

Here is the code of More of the Same which can also be downloaded by clicking the link provided above:

More of the Same Code

Mimicry Theory

10.06.2012 (1:19 pm) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

In looking more into anthropomorphism, and personification throughout history, I became more infatuated with the idea of mimicry.

In particular the patch I am creating basically mimics a human voice. However, there are tons of factories that build machines that aim to mimic human mechanisms…. ultimately replacing jobs that humans used to do.

And all newer digital technologies are more advanced versions of older, mechanistic technologies…. which begs the question of whether or not we are actually progressing as a society or just ruminating in our own thoughts; mimicking the ideas of our grandfathers and slapping a corporate symbol on it.

In some ways, I wonder if our obsession with technological advancements in HCI and robotics steams from an egotistic inclination to make the world around us serve as a reflection of ourselves.

Anyhow, enough of that jibber jabber. I’ll get to the idea of soul catching…. which is the name of my patch.

So, this idea of mimicry and repetition lead me to the idea of technology being able to capture a person’s soul by personifying them.

If you look through texts about new media (mostly written in the 1960′s) this idea of technology being able to capture a person’s soul runs rampant.

A book that I find most interesting is called The Invention of Morel by Adolfo Casares. If you have a moment, it’s a good, short read.

This book is a great text in many ways, but I’ll just highlight the main theme of the story. Basically, a man becomes obsessed with a woman. He is on an island that seems to be deserted, but he comes to observe this woman everyday. He then sees the woman with her husband. He becomes so obsessed that he films the couple, and then crops out the husband and overlays a video of himself and watches this video repeatedly so that he can live with her eternally.

However, the act of him mediating his body onto film results in the slow decay of his body, leading to his death.

The idea of technology being able to capture one’s soul and kill you is very strongly associated with photography. Partially because it was first used to take pictures of the dead in order to immortalize them and keep them in the family home.

This idea was also associated with voice recordings as well. Antonin Artaud had very interesting ideas about sound recordings and their ability to immortalize the body, or even act as a means of invading another person’s body. He did this by recording himself inflicting self-harm, making guttural noises, and repeating incantations. He is a very important theatrical figure who created Theater of Cruelty, however, I find his recordings and ideas on technology most interesting. It’s the idea that technologies create multiple versions of our body…. and that these versions are more important our actual selves. A terrifying thought, but an interesting one.

I would post a recording of his here, but ubuweb servers (ubu.com) are currently down! GASP!!! So check it out if you have time. I suppose what this is getting into is the ability for technology to embody us… and vice versa.

However, I think mimicry has a very interesting place in artistic practice today.

A common sense that mimicry takes is comedians doing impressions of people, and audiences tend to find this very amusing. But there is constant debate in the art world about mimicry vs. appropriation in artistic practice. For example, some of the artworks criticized are those of street artists which may copy a painting, like the Mona Lisa, and add a wig, or moustache, etc.

This serves as fuel for conversations about intellectual property and the existence of genius, I think.

As a good artist once said, “Good artists steal. Bad artists borrow.”

This has been the fuel for my patch which I’ve titled, “More of the Same.”

Which literally mimics the pitches that it hears real-time by the spectator.

I hope that it sparks some dialouge about what art is and what it’s role in society is.

Here is a quote from Aristotle’s Poesis that may summarize my meaning:

“inherent in man from his earliest days; he differs from other animals in that he is the most imitative of all creatures, and he learns his earliest lessons by imitation.  Also inborn in all of us is the instinct to enjoy works of imitation”

some great links:

Great history of mimicry:

http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/mimesis.htm

Interesting thoughts on mimicry and art:

http://www.artandeducation.net/paper/the-mimicry-of-artistic-practices-in-not-a-novelty-why-art-institutions-still-lack-a-method-to-support-this-phenomenon/

http://artquill.blogspot.co.uk/2011/04/is-it-appropriation-or-mimicry-art.html

http://www.npr.org/2011/06/14/137111305/the-art-of-mimicry-a-trip-down-memory-lane

Ideas for Pure Data Exhibit

07.06.2012 (12:24 pm) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

So many ideas, so little time…..

I was thinking about integrating Pure Data with Blender and using the microphone input to control the movement of 3D objects live…

but then I starting working more with Blender and thought…. goodness gracious… this is going to take some getting used to….

Pure Data also has 3D graphic capabilities through the GEM object library (using OpenGL), but I’m beginning to hate 3D modelling in general… sooooo many vectors. It’s really making me more OCD than I already am.

So I thought, I’ll focus on sound for this one.

I started making a patch during class that can turn microphone input into MIDI data and play it back.

At first I was just using the volume level of the input and mapped those values onto MIDI values, which had a surprisingly good effect, but could certainly be better.

So I figured I would beef up the patch I already started for the project and use fiddle to determine the pitches of incoming microphone data and play it back as musical frequencies.

Song birds come to mind…. but I want to find a more theoretically justifiable idea behind this idea of mockery… especially when technology is mimicking humans.  Anthropomorphism and personification come to mind. Humans generally seem to love things that remind them of themselves. Cats wearing hats, parrots, dogs that flush the toilet.

But I’ll dig deeper into this idea in regards to the implications it has with technology and see what I dig up.

Cheers! :D

Sonic Reflections_Mock-Up

14.03.2012 (1:00 am) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

In working with the theme of consciousness and perception, I have chosen to make the spectator more conscious of how sound effects our perception of the space around  them and themselves.
Physical spaces and bodies are usually thought of and represented visually, but both sound and sight are the primary senses that are used to create our perception of the space around us on a continual basis.
When the human race had to hunt to survive, our ears were equally as important as our sight.
In this project, I have incorporated the sound in the room as part of the visual representation of what is before the camera.

For this installation, I want the viewer to sit  in front of the camera so that they are perceiving themselves sonically and visually as a means of re-evaluating their perception of themselves within their sonic surroundings.

Here is a schematic for how the installation would be seen and used in a gallery setting by the spectator:

Spectator interacting with installation

Spectator percieves themselves on the screen

Spectator finds that their reflection can be altered by the sound in the room, (i.e. their voice)

Proposed future development of project

If I were to develop this piece further for a gallery, I would project live camera footage of the room on a wall of the room, and place contact microphones around the perimeter and in the centre of the room. I would use the microphone data to alter the projected camera image dynamically. This would open the scope of sonic perception to everything and everyone in the space.

Creating a Sonic Camera

01.03.2012 (10:42 am) – Filed under: DOING

For the exhibition on March 14th, 2012, I have finally deciding on creating a Sonic Camera.

Or perhaps I’ll call it a Sonic Reflection.

I have done some programming tests and found that I can definitely create it within the time period given although it may not be as sleek and sexy as I’d like at the end… but it will work.

Basically, my idea is that I want the spectator to, not only, perceive themselves visually, but sonically.

In other words, I want the sound in the room and the sounds they make, to alter their visual reflection/ perception of themselves and the room around them.

So, when it’s set up, it will just be an open laptop on a table with a chair in front of it inviting the spectator to sit down.

when they sit down, they will see themselves on the laptop from the live camera feed, however, they will notice that the sound around them, and the sound they make alters their reflection.

So, when set up, it will look something like this when the spectator enters the room:

Ex. Spectator interacting with their Sonic Reflection

And it won’t be until they get closer and take a seat that they’ll begin to perceive what is going on.

The best part is that it is happening dynamically and the spectator is able to perceive themselves differently- through sound.

On the programming end of it:

I will be using the microphone and camera data real-time.

The microphone array data will be gathered and dynamically effect the pixels of the camera, real-time.

As of yet, getting and displaying the microphone data and capturing the camera on screen will be fine, I think.

However, getting the right effect and altering the pixels may be a bit more complex… but I’ll just have to try the pixels commands out and see how to do it.

I am sure I can have something finished enough at the end.

Either way, it’s an exciting challenge for me.

The Wonderful World of Arrays and For Loops

21.02.2012 (5:19 pm) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

Hello All,

Here are the homework assignments for tomorrow with the exception of the oscillating

Lissajous pattern one, which I will try again later, but my brain is having trouble mapping sound

oriented things into visuals…

All of these examples needed appropriate use of Arrays and For Loops. Why?

Because it not only makes things more efficient and easier for you to code.

But it also allows you to customize the same code for other purposes by changing variables

instead of random parameters that map onto a value that you’ve already forgotten.

Why write a thousand lines when you can write two???

Anyhow. Here is a picture of my look alike for A1. Simple but effective. I started doing the others, but

they all pretty much implement the same concept, so why kick a dead horse?

My A1 Version

And here is my code for it. I am sure it can be more efficient if I were better at math:


// Assignment to create a set of drawings like those in this folder – Try and recreate the drawings A1, A2, A3

// Suggested steps in developing the code:
//  a) recreate using the most obvious means – drawing primitives and coordinates – laborious but effective
//  b) replace repetitive steps by for loops
//  c) replace parameters by variables, and place these at the top of the program

//This Code will create circles in diagonals from the top left to bottom right, vice versa

float[ ] myCircleX;
float[ ] myCircleY;
float[ ] myCircleY2; //the inverse of myCircleY to make 2nd diagonal
float distX; //the distance between the x pos of circle radius
float distY; //the distance bet. the y pos of circle radius

float circleW; //the width of the ellipse
float circleH; //the height of the ellipse
float currentX;
float currentY;
float currentY2;

void setup(){
size(500,500);
myCircleX = new float [10];
myCircleY = new float [10];
myCircleY2 = new float [10];
distX = width/10;
distY = height/10;

circleW = (distX/2)-5; //width of ellipse = radius minus offset of 5
circleH = (distY/2)-5;

currentX = circleW+5; //= radius of circle plus 5 offset
currentY = circleH+5;
currentY2 = height-(circleH+5);
//loops fills in x values for circles
for(int i=0; i<myCircleX.length; i++){
myCircleX[i] = currentX;
currentX = currentX + distX;
}

//fill in y circle values into array
for(int i=0; i<myCircleY.length; i++){
myCircleY[i] = currentY;
currentY = currentY + distY;
}

for(int i=0; i<myCircleY2.length; i++){
myCircleY2[i] = currentY2;
currentY2 = currentY2 – distY;
}

}

void draw(){
background(0);

for(int i=0; i<myCircleX.length; i++){
ellipse(myCircleX[i], myCircleY[i], circleW*2, circleH*2);
fill(255, 0, 0);
}

for(int i=0; i<myCircleX.length; i++){
ellipse(myCircleX[i], myCircleY2[i], circleW*2, circleH*2);
fill(255, 0, 0);
}

}

Here is how I made the Dark Star more efficient and connected the beginning and ending points.

It’s all just replacing repetitive things with for loops

My Vertices Fix


size(1000,1000);  //size of window
smooth(); //tells the renderer to apply anti-aliasing
background(255,0,0,255);  //set the window background color – the 255 is not strictly necessary!
int [ ] vertexX;
int [ ] vertexY;
vertexX = new int [6];
vertexY = new int [6];

vertexX[0]=250;
vertexX[1]=750;
vertexX[2]=300;
vertexX[3]=500;
vertexX[4]=700;
vertexX[5]=250;

vertexY[0]=200;
vertexY[1]=200;
vertexY[2]=500;
vertexY[3]=100;
vertexY[4]=500;
vertexY[5]=200;

//vertices are used to define the points within a shape
//and then Processing tries to make sense of them in terms of any shape you specify
//if you don’t specify anything – it will just draw lines between each point

//you must always start with ‘beginShape’ and ‘endShape’
beginShape(); //must always have this

noFill();
strokeWeight(3.0);

//replace the busy work with a for loop to draw the shape
for(int i=0; i<vertexX.length;i++){
vertex(vertexX[i], vertexY[i]);
}

/*
vertex(250,200);  //first vertex
vertex(750,200);  //next vertex
vertex(300,500);
vertex(500,100);
vertex(700,500);
vertex(250,200);
*/

endShape();  //you always have to do this

//very coyly introducing how you print to the screen (as opposed to the console)
PFont font = loadFont(“CourierNewPSMT-12.vlw”);  //first you grab a font file
textFont(font); //then you tell the program to use that font – until you specify another, for example
fill(0); //font color
//println(“250, 250″);

//replace the bulky text repetition with a classy for loop
for(int i=0; i<vertexX.length;i++){
text((“”+vertexX[i]+”,”+vertexY[i]),vertexX[i], vertexY[i]);
}

/*
text(“250, 250″,250, 250);  //then you print the text
text(“750, 200″,750, 200);  //then you print the text
text(“300, 500″,300, 500);  //then you print the text
text(“500, 100″,500, 100);  //then you print the text
text(“700, 500″,700, 500);  //then you print the text

*/

Processing Hmwk for Feb 8th

14.02.2012 (10:45 am) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

Hello,

Sorry for the late post.

But here is the Processing Code for my bouncing ball with gravity which works for both

the x and y axis:


/* BOUNCING BALL EXERCISE

making the ball bounce recursively
using the ideas that:

location = location + speed
and
Speed = speed + acceleraction

These concepts should simulate gravity, allowing you to animate the ball
*/

//declare global variables

float xPos;
float yPos;
float radius=25;
float xspeed;
float yspeed;
float gravity=0.1;

void setup(){

size(500, 500);

xPos=random(width-radius);
yPos=random(height-radius);
xspeed=random(-5,5);
yspeed=random(-5,5);

smooth();

}

void draw(){
background(255);
move();
bounce();
display();
}

//function to move ball by changing xPos by speed
void move(){
yPos= yPos + yspeed;
yspeed = yspeed +gravity;
xPos= xPos + xspeed;
xspeed = xspeed +gravity;
}

//function to bounce ball
void bounce(){

//if reach the edge of screen, reverse speed
if ((yPos>(height-radius)) || (yPos<radius)) {
yspeed = yspeed* -0.95;
}
if ((xPos>(width-radius)) || (xPos<radius)) {
xspeed = xspeed* -0.95; //use .95 so that the height decreases each time… simulating the effects of gravity
}
}

//function to display circle at xPos
void display(){
stroke(0);
fill(175);
ellipse(xPos, yPos, radius*2, radius*2);
}


And here is my annotated code of the Processing example “AnimatedSprite”

which is quite simple, but deals with Object Oriented coding.

I highlighted all of my annotations in green for easy viewing:


/**
* Animated Sprite (Shifty + Teddy)
* by James Patterson.
*
* Press the mouse button to change animations.
* Demonstrates loading, displaying, and animating GIF images.
* It would be easy to write a program to display
* animated GIFs, but would not allow as much control over
* the display sequence and rate of display.
*/

Animation animation1, animation2; //create objects animation 1 and 2 within the ‘Animation’ object class
//class definition = A class is a composite of data and methods (functions) which may be instantiated as objects. The first letter of a class name is usually uppercase to distinguish it from other kinds of variables.

float xpos, ypos; //create float type variables for x and y poss
float drag = 30.0; //create float variable called drag

void setup() {
size(200, 200); //size of screen
background(255, 204, 0); //background color = yello
frameRate(24); <//rate of refresh… will control speed at which we see all animation
animation1 = new Animation(“PT_Shifty_”, 38); //assign the gif “PT_Shifty_” to the object animation1
animation2 = new Animation(“PT_Teddy_”, 60); //assign the gif “PT_Teddy_” to the object animation2
}

void draw() {

//basically this will make it look like the animation is trying to follow the mouse but if the mouse is too close, it will get away slightly

float difx = mouseX – xpos; //assign the distance between the x Position of the mouse and the x position of the object to ‘difx’
if (abs(difx) > 1.0) {   // if the absolute value (always positive) of difx is greater than 1
xpos = xpos + difx/drag; //then assign the value of xpos plus difx divided by drag to xpos.
xpos = constrain(xpos, 0, width); //and constrain the possibile value of xpos so that it doesn’t go off of the screen size. (between 0 and width)
}

// Display the sprite at the position xpos, ypos
/* if mouse is pressed, then display the sprite at the x and y position of where the mouse was clicked
but account for the radius of the animations width.
*/

if (mousePressed) {
background(153, 153, 0);
animation1.display(xpos-animation1.getWidth()/2, ypos);
}
//else, change the background and display object animation 2 as animation one at (x – the radius of animation1) and y of the mouse
//which will basically follow the trajectory of the mouse position unless clicked, when the background will change and the
//animation1 will display exactly at the x and y of the mouse.

else {
background(255, 204, 0);
animation2.display(xpos-animation1.getWidth()/2, ypos);
}
}


ENJOY! :D

Sensor Walk

08.11.2011 (1:51 pm) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

Entering the wonderful world of sensors, it is amazing to take a closer at the sensors we overlook in our everyday lives. What I found most interesting about this project, was how many of the same sensors are used to measure the same things, but what makes them different is what they control, or how they interpret and use that data.

My first sensor is a Barcode Scanner:

        The sensor in a barcode scanner detects the refracted light once the barcode is illuminated by the red LEDs. The level of intensity of the refracted light is represented by an analog signal which corresponds to a certain voltage. This voltage is converted to a digital signal which can be decoded once it is converted by the analog to digital converter.

Basically, the black lines on a barcode are altering the amount of light that will be refracted and detected by the sensor, which will ultimately be converted from analog and decoded into 13 digit number, for instance, which corresponds to the can of baked beans you want to buy at the counter.

I thought it would be super complex, but it’s using simple technology I already understand and using it in a different way. Cool!

 

Next are the Automatic Doors at M&S:

            This technology uses the same sensor as the previous one in that it is using light to determine how far away an object is from the sensor which emits infrared light or microwaves.

The real difference come though how it interprets and uses that data to control a mechanical device. In this case, if an object is a certain distance away, lets say 12 inchs, then motors are activated which open the doors. It is as simple as that really.

And of course the sensor operates on a loop so that it is continually receiving analog data, which is converted to digital data, which can then be used to code circuits which will control the the motorized door. Same senor, different “real-world” outcome. You could use the same concept to make a catapult… :D

 

My last sensor is a Fire Alarm:

     This sensor is the most interesting and a bit more complex than the other two… or at least that is the case with the ionization detector, although there is a photoelectric fire detector as well. However, I think I have an ionic one, so I’ll tell you about that one.

Basically, fire detectors don’t “detect” fire at all. They are basically switches, and properties created by fire, such as smoke, will open the circuit, which triggers the lights and siren.

Technically, an ionization fire detector has a negative and positive plate, which ionizes the air in between, which generates a continuous electric current. When smoke enters the ionization chamber, it bonds with the ions which lowers the electric current in the previously closed circuit.

This drop in voltage triggers the alarm system. Quite ingenious I think.

 

I find it quite interesting that all of these technologies can use the same sensor to process “real-world” or analog data, which is then digitally processed to have an analog outcome. Pretty much the same toolkit can make various tools… it just depends on how you use the zeros and ones. Well, I think I am off to Maplin to buy an infrared light sensor! :D Exciting stuff.

 

Arduino Success and Puzzling Puzzles

01.11.2011 (11:21 am) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS

After fretting over my potentiometer and the oddity of my breadboards, I have FINALLY accomplished my Arduino tasks in a little over 30 minutes: THANK YOU OPEN SOURCE TUTORIALS!

I have been able to not only read and display the values inputted by the potentiometer, but also scale them down and map them to the brightness of the LED. Therefore, as you move the dial on the potentiometer, the brightness of the LED fades respectively to the analog input from the meter (between 0 and 5 volts, or 0 -1023 on a 0 – 255 range).

As for the actual “counting” of things, I don’t really get the point of it without some sort of database and real world application… but in terms of coding, I would take the input of the meter at a certain voltage… like 0 and add one to a variable such as int countMeter(), if AnologRead() ==0 (within a loop of course). Then I would create some sort of LED magic if countMeter() is == to 5. Anyhow, I still don’t understand what I would ever use that function for with a potentiometer as my senor. I think counting would come more useful and effective with a motion sensor because you can have real-time, real-world implications based upon an audience moving through a space… but maybe I’m thinking about it too much.

As for the Problem of the Two Generals, I found the dilemma very similar to the communication of meaning/narrative in performance… or any type of art for that matter. Basically every piece of art is trying to communicate something… even if it is desperately trying to communicate nothing: that has meaning and the human mind always wants to create narratives regardless. However, a problem arises because as an artist you should facilitate this message in a way that is understandable to the broadest audience, however, you can never be sure that the message is received in the way you intended since the spectators have the right to interpret your art in whatever way they see fit.

Therefore, things like playwriting workshops (user testing, shall we say) become important so the playwright can test how their work comes across to others and adjust it accordingly. Still, there is no clear and concise way of knowing that what you want to communicate, and what actually is communicated to each spectator is the same. I think that is the beauty of art: Open interpretation.

Bulletin Boards: Ways of Thinking About Technology

11.10.2011 (12:45 pm) – Filed under: DOING,VIEW ALL POSTS
My Board

My Personal Bulletin Board

I have chosen to explore a Bulletin Board because it is my favorite and my most important construction in my room… besides my x-mas lights which double as lamps. Here is what I could dig up in looking at them historically, experientially, archaeologically, and socially/anthropologically.

Historically:

What I found most interesting in researching the history of bulletin boards, was the lack of information on it’s physical origin. It is almost as if it is such a naturally occurring technology that we fail to question it. However, there is a wealth of information about electronic bulletin boards which can now be seen on-line in the form of forums and social mediums such as Facebook’s wall post feature. However, as socially driven as bulletin boards (both physical and electronic) may seem now, that was not originally the case. The word bulletin was adopted into the English language from the Italian form bulletino in the 17th century. The diminutives of bulletino can be traced to bolla or bull. The word bolla is a metaphorical reference to the round wax seal placed upon a papal bull, which was a pronouncement issued by the pope.

Later in history, the word takes on the meaning “a short note or memorandum; an official certificate,” in the 17th century, and “a short account or report of public news or events, issued by an authority,” by the 18th century. Currently, bulletin has a broader definition which not only references its original use as a forum for important current events, but also allows for a more informal, communal sharing of interests amongst people.

What I find most interesting about bulletin boards is how the authority governing them has shifted over time and how this shift has effected their purpose. If you start with the original Italian meaning of a papal bull, you can see that bulletin boards were used as a way to demonstrate the church’s control over its people. Later, in England, the authority shifted to government and news press. Now, people are allowed to govern themselves in this area. Bulletin boards have become a Person to Person (P2P) medium for the sharing of information which can be found in micro and macro-cosmic communities, i.e., mass media, supermarkets, dormitories, and one’s private accommodation. Therefore, one can see the Bulletin board as a formerly closed system that became open.

Experientially:

Bulletin boards really draw your attention because they are so aesthetically interesting and pleasing. Simply from an aesthetic viewpoint, they can make a great piece of collage artwork, but upon looking further you can begin to derive meaning, not only from the physical materials displayed there, but one can also begin to construct meaning about the type of person or community which constructed the board. In other words, the meaning I derive from a bulletin board in a supermarket versus a bulletin board in the Culture Lab building would be different. Also, a communally versus a personally constructed bulletin board would vary both aesthetically and contextually.

Processing information from a bulletin board works in a rhizome fashion. Therefore, I cannot understand the information held there by reading the artifacts in a linear, or tree model. Instead, one has to create meaning by looking at each individual thing as being connected to some greater theme or context. For example, I create my bulletin boards each year from scratch and they represent my life within that year and city I resided in. Whereas, a bulletin board in Culture Lab would contain seemingly unconnected events that are connected by their location, or subject matter (i.e. the Arts, or DM).

Archaeologically:

If I were an alien excavating Earth and I came across a Bulletin board, I would infer that the people of Earth needed platforms for social interaction. I could also see that they were sophisticated enough to have a means of dispersing pertinent information autonomously within communities. I could also gather a sense of how they created meaning through the non-linear narratives and juxtaposition exemplified within the board. Furthermore, if I had an entire collection of bulletin boards around the world, I could denote that people liked to associate themselves with particular communities in an effort to define themselves. Therefore, I would have a deeper look into the social and societal constructs of the people of Earth.

Socially/Anthropologically:

I think the bulletin board is a physical representation of our thoughts, feelings, and desires. I think there is something about the way in which humans think and construct meaning that lends itself to the form of a bulletin board, which can also be seen as a mind map depending on how it is used. In that way, I can see it as a natural form. The technological part comes from the construction of the board itself and what the user decides to use as their medium and how they present it. This then makes me wonder to what extent a person’s construction of meaning is shaped by society, how that society decides how to communicate, and furthermore what a society decides is important.

Overall, I think bulletin boards demonstrate a person’s desire to socialize and share interests which connect them to a community of like-minded others and also within a personal dialogue with the self. In a way, a bulletin board defines a person and a community, and the fact that they are a social creation shows how this society has a desire to compartmentalize and categorize absolutely everything, including other people and themselves. Therefore meaning that we process information in fractures and never the whole.