August 2011
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Month August 2011

proposal and final project outset

The Arduino project piece, based on the idea of aiding those with Raynaud’s phenomena was the beginning of my medical textile technology research. I used this to explore in a relatively short space of time the issues behind creating a piece to work with medicine.

Some of these include; the amount of human testing you would have to do in order to say on paper that the device would help those with this condition, and until then all I can do is suggest it may help those, with, in this case colder hands as the gloves warm your hands when needed. There will be many barriers that arise after these tests such as the volunteer’s thoughts on the piece, whether they would prefer to turn the warming on and off rather than it being decided by the technology. This area is quite open to altering the project however the course of the work will be kept using planning and time lines.

Although intuitive technology seems to be the direction that technology is moving in there is still a notion lingering that its better for the persons mind if they have full control of the devise.

Although I have considered compiling further research to form a concept for another medical textile technology piece I decided in the end it would be best to continue my work and research into Raynaud’s. From this I can build up my prototype into the desired final outcome and expect a fully finished product as well start to accumulate ideas for further projects and learn more about the work to be done in getting textile technology into a market, preferably a medical market.

Feasibility study

Through research into various textiles technology I have found many working examples of heating fabric and communicating information through sensors.

I have only tested the main technology component of my concept in a textiles technology workshop. Heating thermo chromic dye to change the colour using conductive strips, I am confident this will be possible to creat the ideal outcome over the allotted period of time. A company in Germany called WarmX currently sell’s heated trousers, tops and tights, advertised for some sports and walking. Looking at their technology I feel confident in doing similar.

Throughout out the year I have tried and tested various technologies from this work, for this specific project a mixture between Max MSP and Arduino, though I understand the possibility that Max MSP will not be required for the final piece.

Arduino and Max will be used as a platform between the user and the physical technology. I wish to assemble the physical parts either from a bespoke maker such as within the Culture Lab or learn how to make such a piece, e.g., the temperature sensor.

Meanwhile I have been conversing with Raymond Oliver at Northumbria University and Northumbria University London and the speakers he brought in for talks throughout the past the past year. Much of the work is on very similar lines and even crosses over. Such as the Phillips dress, which has galvanic skin response built in, which is essentially a very similar idea as to what my previous designs and prototype encompass. There is also the scent dress by Jenny Tillotson, which is to react to mood and effect the wellbeing of the user, increasing their comfort. I will keep in contact with these people and ensure to discuss this project for further points and any assistance be it verbal or mechanical, such as knitting machines.

If my studies into the medical benefits of warming gloves and socks do not come out positive I will still be able to maintain the piece/s have well being and comfort benefits from being kept at a pleasant temperature at your extremities in cold weather. As far as testing the medical benefits go I have contacted the head of disability for Newcastle University and have been told they can send an email out to all Raynaud’s sufferers throughout the University asking for volunteer’s and to be able to send out questionnaires to these also. Additionally I have a family member who has Raynaud’s syndrome who I will likely perform preliminary tests upon. With all the work in mind to get the concept to final product stage I feel I have all the resources and enough time to get the piece to a very high standard within the final project.

Arduino 6

Confirmed tests of the prototype have been done. The threshold set at 13 degrees C as I found that a fitting threshold point for the fingers. The sensor on the glove up against some ice as it was a very warm day it took some time to get the sensor down to 13oC and below.

The prototype shows its effects with an LED response. Depending on the user or reason for wanting the glove various forms of response can be used, such as txt and vibration.

Click on images to enlarge.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The page below shows examples of various sensing gloves.

First the prototype, as photographed above.

Mitten, the soft, printed circuit version of the protoype with soft heating focused around the edge of the shape.

Gloves, fitted, again the soft, printed circuit, traffic light style LED’s show battery has power, heating is focused around the fingers. Bttery is hidden within the turn up of the glove, as seen rolled down bottom left picture.

Top right is the insole possibilities, heating feet whatever socks you wear.

Below on the right is the sock version, again soft circuit however with the feet focused designed the alerting system could either be to mobile phone or accessory such as bracelet or broach which all could be in various designs.

The following is an example of how the final design fitted glove could be used. The story board shows a lady on a walk, realised her hands are suddenly being warmed and checks the LED’s then uses the warm gloves to warm her face, feeling the full comfort of the gloves.

RELAY

The relay for this piece is the information relay that gets sent around between the technology and the human.

Temperature is sensed -> out put alerts user -> user sees this and decides on action -> brain sends signal to arm and hand muscles -> muscles respond -> temperature is sensed -> out put alerts user -> user sees this and decides on action -> brain sends signal to arm and hand muscles -> muscles respond -> etc.

After some research an aquantance pointed out an msn technology report, looking in further detail I found the main site for the heated underwear company.

WarmX

http://www.warmx.de/index.php

The site includes a section for wellness as well as specifics such as motorbikes.    The finding of this site has slowed me down as I have been reading through each section to see how they adress the many issues and concerns that come with textile technology meeting the general public.

The pieces are highly interesting however the prices don’t make them very open to the public, they are as the website shows directed at those who can afford to spend alot on a piece of clothing that requires charging. The big difference between the pieces on warmx’s catolougue and my pieces is that warmx makes it up to the person to turn the item on, my design looks at when you may not notice you are cold, having gone numb and the piece would automaticly come on. Interestingly the site also seems to cover everything but gloves but dose mention silver which is part of the fabric used.

Arduino 5

Current ways of looking after Raynaud’s are not good enough, there is a need for another way of monitoring and keeping control rather than trying a series of drugs when it may take a long time to find the one that works for the individual in question. “Each drug should be taken for at least 2 weeks and then stop for 3 days before changing from one drug to another” http://www.raynauds.org.uk/raynauds/treatments

Suffers are recommended various items such as hand warmers, microwavable soft toys and cushions and silver gloves.

During my research I did come up with some ideas that could be used instead of arduino such as thermochromic dyes and warm able slippers and scarf.

 

 

 

 

 

However my concept is to have something that not only keeps the wearer informed of their temperature but can also dos something about it whilst staying soft and with various designs.

The ideal final item would be mainly silver glove, sensor at the end of the middle finger, a hand warmer in a tube like form that dose not go solid when activated and can also be reactivated after its been used. As many hand warmers require a process such as boiling to enable the heating to be reactivated, this may not bee good enough for people who need to keep their hands warm whilst out on a cold day. The fabric is beneficial as its good for the circulation as well as the skin. There could also be a ring part that could alert you to a drop in temperature so that you put the gloves on if they were not put on in the first place. This concept would not just be good for Raynaud’s suffers but for anyone who wants to keep warm hands in a cold place. Many I have discussed this idea with have shown interest in the item for themselves.

The prototype I have put together shows that the drop of temperature can be monitored and communicated subtly. I see the place as a relay of information, from the skin and ambient temperature, to the monitor, to the wearers consciousness when they decide how to interoperate the information and any change is relayed back to the sensor which continuously updates the wearer as to when they chose to look at or happen to notice the colour of the lit LED.

Arduino 4

Idea development

Looking further at temperature sensing.

Centrally body temperature should be 36 to 37 Degrees C,

A fever is 38 and above,

Dangerously cold is 32 and below.

After connecting up the TMP36 temperature sensor to the arduino

Whilst monitoring my hands temperature when still and when pumping/moving and discussing temperatures of the body with a medical student I discovered there are many variations in the extremities. The medical student explained in detail how this coincides with how each person is different thus the exact temperature at the end of the phalanges.

 

As far as this goes it would be possible to check the temperature of the individuals phalanges, depending on whether device is focused for hands, e.g. gloves, or feet, e.g. socks.

On my hand motion gets to about 24 degrees, still ranges from 17 to 13, 13 being quite cold, so I think a barrier at 13 degrees C is a good cut off point for the prototype.

Asethics and Variations

My 3 main design interests within the concept of warming extremities are:

Mobile communication:

The temperature sensor could be linked to a wireless so that a mobile phone could record the temperatures and keep a visualisation. Also this is a more private information source, when the temperature of the monitored phalanges drops the phone could message/alarm alert the person through the phone. This way you seem to be just checking your phone when you are actually accessing private information, a more private feedback.

Jewellery

Ring, bracelet and broach:

If the sensor could be incorporated into a ring, information sent to a board in the broach the output could be either within the bracelet or in an additional piece such a as a broach. This gives for alternate combinations; changes in fashions and concealing technology into quite everyday items, yet at the same time can be fun and a talking point.

Gloves and Socks

Knitted technology:

Here the technology could be all in one piece, developed to be washable and waterproof and could either be subtle in the way of the technology within or could weave through the knit/material for a more cyberpunk feel which could be designed to look elegant or rough and ready.

Whilst researching the medical and aesthetic sides the project dose have a brief, which I have been thinking about, the brief is called “Relay”.

The shorter English dictionary online defines Relay as:

relay1

Pronunciation:/ˈriːleɪ/

noun

  • 1 a group of people or animals engaged in a task or activity for a period of time and then replaced by a similar group:the wagons were pulled by relays of horsesgangs of workers were sent in relays
  • [usually as modifier] a race between teams of runners , each team member in turn covering part of the total distance:a 550-metre relay race
  • 2 an electrical device, typically incorporating an electromagnet, which is activated by a current or signal in one circuit to open or close another circuit.
  • 3 a device to receive , reinforce, and retransmit a radio or television signal.
  • a signal or broadcast transmitted by a relay:a relay of a performance live from the concert hall
    verb

Pronunciation:/also rɪˈleɪ/

[with object]

  • receive and pass on (information or a message):she intended to relay everything she had learned
  • broadcast (something) by passing signals received from elsewhere through a transmitting station:the speech was relayed live from the palace

Origin:

late Middle English (referring to the provision of fresh hounds on the track of a deer): from Old French relai (noun), relayer (verb), based on Latin laxare ‘slacken’

relay2

Pronunciation:/riːˈleɪ/

verb (past and past participle relaid)

[with object]

  • lay again or differently:they plan to relay about half a mile of the track

http://oxforddictionaries.com/

“In this condition, the blood supply to the extremities, usually the fingers and toes but sometimes also the ears and nose, is interrupted. During an attack they become first white and dead looking. They may then turn blue and finally red and burning when the blood flow is restored. There may be considerable pain, numbness or tingling. These symptoms are due to an intermittent lack of blood in the affected parts when the arteries normally supplying them spasmodically contract. An attack will often be triggered by touching cold objects or exposure to cold of any kind”

The main area I have been looking at throughout this is Raynaud’s, as I said previously for comprehensive information on the phenomena this site http://www.raynauds.org.uk/raynauds/raynauds seems to be very good. On further research of the site I discovered that

“It effects between 3-20% of the adult population worldwide, mainly females and there may be as many as ten million sufferers in the UK. Raynaud’s is most commonly found in females and approximately 10% of women in the UK suffer from Raynaud’s to some degree.”

I found the Recommended Products section incredibly interesting: http://www.raynauds.org.uk/raynauds/recommended-products

Amongst the products are hand/pocket warmers and silver gloves and socks. Silver gloves are incredibly good for skin and happen to also be advertised as gloves that can be worn whilst using touch screen phones and iPads as well as not leaving marks the silver is highly conductive.

This suits my concept as I became worried that merely a sensor alerting the wearer to coldness may not help, what if they have no way at the time of warming up, how much help can further information be? So if I could incorporate the sensor with a silver glove and create a thin hand warmer that could also be woven into the glove. If the programme could be printed onto some fabric (extra as the silver glove would be conductive, connecting to everything) this could perhaps be part of the band of the glove around the wrist, here a lily pad style LED could be sewn in to she the battery still has power.

Silver gloves: http://www.agloves.com/products/Agloves.html

http://www.amazon.com/Agloves-screen-gloves-iPhone-texting/dp/B004A9QMPE

I also looked into other ways of sensing for raynaud’s.

Oxygen at the end of the finger

Bio sensor – pulse reader

Although the temperature sensor is not directly able to monitor the finger and picks up ambient temperature this is also in some ways a positive. If a monitor did pick up cold and warn the wearer they may be able stop the Raynaud’s effects and if the sensor is able to automatically warm the hand it may prevent the effect’s itself. Oxygen reader may also be able to be added however that may make the pieces bulky, the same goes for the pulse reader, which may be less accurate on an everyday item. From this the temperature sensor is the best option at the moment.

Arduino 3

Research!!

This project has taken a great deal of research; here are the main interests I came across during this process.

There has been quite a lot of news about singer-songwriter Imogen Heap and her musical gloves, first shown off on TEDGlobal 2011 in Edinburgh, 12 July, (TED video yet to be published). I found a few great articles on the show and her gloves:

Imogen Heap, BBC

Chips built into the gloves contained both accelerometers and magnetometers, which created precise data about both the position of her hands and the speed of her movements.

Similar technology is used in health care to help injured people learn to walk again. (12th July 2011).

Imogen Heap NewScientist

The gloves were developed by Tom Mitchell, a lecturer in music systems at the University of the West of England, Bristol and allow Heap to mix her music live on stage.

“The gestures lend themselves to the processes that they control,” explains Mitchell. “For example, a grasping gesture is used to sample voice and instruments, panning is achieved by pointing in the direction that the sound should be positioned, and filtering is achieved by closing the hands as if you are smothering the sound.” (11th July 2011).

This is from a site I check at least once a week, this particular interview looks at Christian Dils & Manuel Seckel, Christian studied Microsystems Technology and Manuel studied Medical Engineering, together they developed wearable, washable fashion technology.

Manuel & Christian Interview

From – http://www.freedomofcreation.com – I found a few interesting pieces when searching this site:

3D printed spring bracelet.

The most interesting is this piece about a 3D clothing exhibition.

3D printed clothing, FOC

The white 3D printed glove made me think about tubes and thermal heating, within the 3D printed chains. This reminded me of a piece in Textile Futures by Bradley Quinn, these particular pages look at a group who designed fabric specially for thermal purposes, but rather than to warm up there work was to keep the body cool in extreme temperatures.

To read about this in detail click on the pages to enlarge.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I met Jayne Wallace when I first arrived at Culture Lab, Jayne’s work is very relevant to what I’m currently working on as I am looking into working technology into a form that looks more aesthetic, like jewellery.

http://culturelab.ncl.ac.uk/people/jayne.wallace

Jayne’s website:

http://www.digitaljewellery.com/